February 2012 — Training is an effective tool for improving performance, but it must be conducted with careful attention to the needs of learners, the context in which learners perform and current evidence about what makes training effective. This brief summarizes evidence and best practices for making the most of training interventions. It is designed to help program managers: (1) identify when training is appropriate to introduce a new job responsibility or help improve performance, and (2) ensure that training is effective.