August 2012 — Mother-to-child transmission of HIV remains the most prevalent source of pediatric HIV infection. This paper reviews service data from 28,320 children born to mothers with HIV to estimate mother-to-child transmission rates. The study concluded that use of antiretroviral drugs reduces vertical transmission of HIV in a program setting. Non-antiretroviral-related factors also play a significant role in HIV transmission. For more on the study, see http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22912752.