Biomarkers and biometric measures of adherence to use of ARV-based vaginal rings

Poor adherence has been observed in trials of HIV prevention products containing antiretroviral-based oral and vaginal gel, resulting in an inability to determine product efficacy. This landscape analysis was conducted to identify potential technologies for objective product adherence measurement in antiretroviral-based HIV prevention trials to accurately determine efficacy. The authors recommend a strategy of using complementary biometric and behavioral approaches to best understand participants’ adherence to antiretroviral-based vaginal rings in clinical trials.