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Published research

382 Results Found

  • Published research

    Intimate partner violence and contraceptive use among married women in Nepal

    This study examined the relationships between intimate partner violence and current contraceptive use and method among married women of reproductive age in Nepal. The findings suggest that women’s lifetime exposure to violence, particularly physical violence, is associated with tubal ligation. Although further research is needed to understand the causes and the decision‐making power dynamics related to contraceptive use, the link between violence and contraceptive use should be considered when providing family planning options to women.
  • Published research

    Behavior change interventions delivered through interpersonal communication, agricultural activities, community mobilization, and mass media increase complementary feeding practices and reduce child stunting in Ethiopia

    This randomized control trial evaluated the association between changes in young child feeding practices and exposing mothers with children under the age of 2 to (1) counseling by frontline workers in the health and agriculture sector; (2) community mobilization; and (3) mass media activities. The findings show that, in the Amhara region of Ethiopia, using an integrated, multicomponent social and behavioral change approach can have a significant impact on improving complementary feeding practices and on reducing the prevalence of stunting.
  • Published research

    Reproductive health sequelae among women who survived Ebola virus disease in Liberia

    This study found high rates of pregnancy failure and irregular menstruation among Liberian survivors of Ebola virus disease. These findings highlight the substantial long‐term impact of Ebola among female survivors after acute infection. Additional research is needed to identify the mechanisms by which the virus causes these complications and the unique ways in which it affects women.
  • Published research

    HIV incidence among women using intramuscular depot medroxyprogesterone acetate, a copper intrauterine device, or a levonorgestrel implant for contraception: A randomised, multicentre, open-label trial

    The ECHO trial, a randomized clinical trial, was developed to address a long-standing question about the possible association of hormonal contraceptives with increased HIV acquisition risk. This article presents the data from research sites in Eswatini, Kenya, South Africa and Zambia. The results indicate there were no substantial differences in HIV incidence associated with use of three licensed contraceptive methods and supports continued and expanded access to these methods.
  • Published research

    Reaching at-risk women for PrEP delivery: What can we learn from clinical trials in sub-Saharan Africa

    This descriptive qualitative study explored strategies used to reach at-risk women in clinical trials that test pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). Findings indicate that programs should use a combination of recruitment approaches tailored to the needs of the community. Informants also suggested that communication strategies promote PrEP as a tool to empower women to protect themselves and that fear-based messages about disease and risk should be avoided.
  • Published research

    Introduction of community-based provision of subcutaneous depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA-SC) in Benin: Programmatic results

    This paper assessed data on community-based and facility-based service collected during the first 13 months of a subcutaneous depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA-SC) introduction program in Benin. The findings show that community-based DMPA-SC was popular, particularly among new users of contraception. The authors provide guidance for countries to introduce or expand DMPA-SC.
  • Published research

    Who's that SMARTgirl? Reaching Cambodian female entertainment and sex workers with HIV prevention services

    In Cambodia, SMARTgirl is the national social marketing program for HIV prevention for women engaged in sex and entertainment work. The authors used the Behavioral Model of Vulnerable Populations to analyze women’s level of engagement with SMARTgirl programs. The data showed high risk behaviors with a decreased association with SMARTgirl. The authors suggest that delivery of HIV prevention services through the SMARTgirl program is needed to reach this population.
  • Published research

    Planning for outcomes (P4O) modeling tool: Estimating the impact of changing the proportion of injectable progestins in the contraceptive method mix

    This paper presents an interactive deterministic modeling tool that allows users to estimate the impact on HIV and maternal and child health outcomes when changing the proportion of injectable progestins in the contraceptive method mix. Along with considering women’s individual choices, policymakers and program planners may use country-specific results to inform programming and policy decisions.
  • Published research

    Geographic access to emergency obstetric services: A model incorporating patient bypassing using data from Mozambique

    This paper adapted the existing methodology of modeling geographic access to incorporate facility characteristics that are known to influence women’s care-seeking choices for emergency obstetric services. The authors applied this methodology to model scenarios for improving emergency access in Mozambique. The models can help decision-makers plan future interventions because they are more accurate estimates on access and the impact that specific improvements may have.
  • Published research

    Gender norms associated with adolescent sexual behaviours in Uganda

    This study used the Gender Equitable Men (GEM) scale to explore gender norms and sexual reproductive health behaviors among adolescent girls and boys ages 15 to 19 in Uganda. The findings indicate that adolescents were in agreement with the gender-inequitable norms explored. The girls and boys were also in agreement that it is a woman’s responsibility to avoid pregnancy and that women who carry condoms are “cheap.” These findings suggest the need for adolescent-targeted health education and champions of change among the stakeholders who create the environment where attitudes and worldviews are formed.