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Published researchZambia

27 Results Found

  • Published research

    Adolescents living with HIV in the Copperbelt Province of Zambia: Their reproductive health needs and experiences

    The authors conducted interviews with adolescents living with HIV in Zambia to assess the extent to which their reproductive health needs are being met. The results state that these adolescents need comprehensive sexual and reproductive health services. This includes information about contraceptive methods, healthy pregnancy and prevention of mother-to-child transmission, skills on HIV disclosure and condom negotiation to prevent horizontal transmission, and screening for sexual violence for both males and females.
  • Published research

    Factors related to incomplete adherence to antiretroviral therapy among adolescents attending three HIV clinics in the Copperbelt, Zambia

    The authors assessed antiretroviral adherence among adolescents in Ndola, Zambia, using two measures: 48-hour treatment gap in prior three months and pharmacy medication possession ratio in prior six months. The findings support strengthening adolescents’ HIV management skills related to alcohol use, family engagement and the challenges adolescents face when transitioning to adulthood, especially when they are no longer in school.
  • Published research

    Using behavior change approaches to improve complementary feeding practices

    Improving complementary feeding of children 6 to 24 months of age requires an understanding of what drives feeding behaviors in specific cultural and economic contexts and which systematic approaches best facilitate beneficial and feasible changes. This paper analyzes social and behavior change approaches and use of program delivery platforms at scale that resulted in documented improvements in Bangladesh, Malawi, Peru and Zambia. The authors conclude that complementary feeding practices, particularly dietary diversity, can be improved rapidly in a variety of settings through available program platforms if interventions focus on specific constraints and strategies encourage caregivers to prepare and feed appropriate foods.
  • Published research

    Feasibility of district wide screening of health care workers for tuberculosis in Zambia

    This study assessed the feasibility of tuberculosis (TB) screening of health care workers, including paid staff and community volunteers, as part of a project introducing facility-specific interventions to control TB. The authors found that screening was feasible if confidentiality can be guaranteed.
  • Published research

    What works — reaching universal HIV testing: Lessons from HPTN 071 (PopART) trial in Zambia

    This article presents early data from the community-randomized universal HIV testing and treatment trial, HIV Prevention Trails Network (HPTN) 071 (PopART). The data show that home-based HIV counseling and testing offered to all households in urban and peri-urban communities in Zambia is acceptable and can dramatically improve residents’ awareness of their HIV status. The authors state that maximizing uptake requires repeated visits to homes to reach those not available or not yet ready to be tested during the initial visit.
  • Published research

    A universal testing and treatment intervention to improve HIV control: One-year results from intervention communities in Zambia in the HPTN 071 (PopART) cluster-randomised trial

    This study is observational data from Zambia to assess progress toward the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) 90-90-90 targets. In this analysis, acceptance of HIV testing among those consenting to the intervention was high, although linking them to care and antiretroviral treatment initiation took longer than expected. Achieving higher test uptake in men and connecting them to care more quickly will be objectives during the second annual round of the intervention.
  • Published research

    Transitioning to second-line antiretroviral therapy among adolescents in Copperbelt Province, Zambia: Predictors of treatment switching and adherence to second-line regimens

    For adolescents living with HIV in sub-Saharan Africa who experience treatment failure, second-line regimens may be available but can be costlier and require taking more pills. The authors assessed predictors of treatment switching and adherence to second-line regimens in Copperbelt Province, Zambia. Results suggest the need for greater adherence support and more interventions to help adolescents transition to young adulthood.
  • Published research

    Safety and efficacy of the PrePex male circumcision device: Results from pilot implementation studies in Mozambique, South Africa, and Zambia

    Devices have the potential to accelerate voluntary medical male circumcision (VMMC) programs by making the procedure easier, quicker and more widely accessible. This noncomparative prospective study found that the PrePex device was safe and effective among adult men (and a small group of adolescents) seeking VMMC in Mozambique, South Africa and Zambia. Based on these and other results, scale-up of PrePex services within VMMC programs is underway.
  • Published research

    Reasons for missing antiretroviral therapy: Results from a multi-country study in Tanzania, Uganda and Zambia

    This analysis identified the reasons patients missed doses of antiretroviral therapy (ART) and explored the association between symptoms and incomplete adherence. Common reasons for missing ART were symptoms, food insecurity and forgetfulness. Integrating text messages and food supplementation into programming is likely to improve adherence and patient outcomes.
  • Published research

    Effects of water provision and hydration on cognitive function among primary-school pupils in Zambia: A randomized trial

    The authors conducted a randomized controlled trial in five schools with limited water access in Chipata, Zambia, to assess the efficacy of water provision on cognition. Although there were suggestive relationships between both water provision and hydration and increased scores on tests measuring visual attention, the authors did not find that provision of water or hydration impacted cognitive test scores. Key improvements to the study design are warranted to further investigate this relationship.