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4 Results Found

  • Published research

    Pharmacokinetics of dapivirine transfer into blood plasma, breast milk, and cervicovaginal fluid of lactating women using dapivirine vaginal ring

    This study assessed the pharmacokinetics, safety, tolerability and adherence of the dapivirine vaginal ring used for 14 consecutive days by lactating women who were not breastfeeding. The research showed low concentrations of dapivirine in breast milk, indicating that daily infant exposure would also be low. Given this favorable safety profile, additional research is in development to assess the safety and drug detection of the dapivirine ring in breastfeeding mother-infant pairs in regions with higher incidence of sexually transmitted HIV infection.
  • Published research

    Understanding and measuring uptake and coverage of oral pre-exposure prophylaxis delivery among adolescent girls and young women in sub-Saharan Africa

    The current understanding of oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) uptake is limited, in part due to a lack of common definitions and varying interpretations of uptake and coverage measures. This paper discusses the inherent challenges in measuring oral PrEP uptake and coverage among adolescent girls and young women. The authors propose potential indicators to address these challenges and to work to better understand how the scientific and program communities could reframe “low” uptake for this population.
  • Published research

    Menstrual bleeding changes are NORMAL: Proposed counseling tool to address common reasons for non-use and discontinuation of contraception

    The authors reviewed commonly used family planning counseling, training and reference materials and found that menstrual bleeding changes were insufficiently addressed. The authors suggest using a new counseling mnemonic tool, “NORMAL,” that provides messages about changes associated with the use of hormonal contraception and the copper IUD.
  • Published research

    Higher sequence diversity in the vaginal tract than in blood at early HIV-1 infection

    This analysis of early mucosal infections in women revealed high HIV-1 viral diversity in the vaginal tract but few transmitted clones in the blood. This provides novel in vivo evidence for a mucosal sieve effect, leading to the establishment of a homogenous systemic infection. The data will have significant implications in rational vaccine design.