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Published research

302 Results Found

  • Published research

    Development and implementation of participant safety plans for international research with stigmatized populations

    Stigma attached to drug use and HIV often raises safety concerns during research. To address these concerns, this study developed participant safety plans to supplement local ethics and community practices. The authors found that after refining and implementing these plans, only five participants reported a negative social impact due to study participation. Future research with stigmatized populations should consider using and assessing this approach to enhance participant safety and welfare.
  • Published research

    Progress on elimination of lymphatic filariasis in Sierra Leone

    Lymphatic filariasis and onchocerciasis are co-endemic in 12 districts in Sierra Leone. In 2008, albendazole was added to ivermectin treatments for integrated management of both diseases. This study showed that eight districts achieved criteria for conducting final lymphatic filariasis evaluations that would eliminate the need for treatment, while four districts need two more years of treatment before repeating the evaluation.
  • Published research

    Method validation approaches for pharmaceutical assessments — highlights with high performance thin layer chromatographic (HPTLC) techniques

    The high performance thin layer chromatographic (HPTLC) technique for analyzing pharmaceuticals can save resources, diminish testing time and reduce chemical waste, and its suitability for pharmaceutical testing is well documented. However, its implementation in developing countries has been slow. The authors provide information for the validation and thus application of HPTLC methods in resource-limited settings for pharmaceutical testing.
  • Published research

    ‘Allocation concealment’: The evolution and adoption of a methodological term.

    The authors review the precursors of the term “allocation concealment” and its subsequent evolution and adoption. The research on empirical evidence of bias related to allocation concealment provided justification and impetus for the acceptance of the concept and the term. The authors state that heightened attention to the process of allocation concealment has improved the conduct and reporting of randomized trials in medical research.
  • Published research

    Community health priorities: Lessons for malaria prevention from Balaka district, Malawi

    Communication about priority health challenges typically uses epidemiological research while referencing global and country strategies. This study explored the relationship between situational aspects of health and community insights into health priorities. The authors suggest that regular assessment of contextual challenges in high malaria incidence areas provides opportunities to understand gaps, refine intervention strategies and inform communication programming.
  • Published research

    Not seeking yet trying long-acting reversible contraception: A 24-month randomized trial on continuation, unintended pregnancy and satisfaction

    This unique study used better approaches to reduce bias and scientifically measure the impact of choosing to try long-acting reversible contraceptives. Participants assigned to long-acting methods had similar satisfaction levels, higher continuation rates and greater reductions in unintended pregnancy compared with those assigned to short-acting methods. These results validate the findings from decades of observational research.
  • Published research

    Engagement of husbands in a maternal nutrition program substantially contributed to greater intake of micronutrient supplements and dietary diversity during pregnancy: Results of a cluster-randomized program evaluation in Bangladesh

    This study evaluated how much of the improvement in intake of micronutrient supplements and dietary diversity among pregnant women is explained by the participation of their husbands in a nutrition-focused maternal, neonatal and child health program. The results show that targeting husbands in addition to women in these programs and designing activities to engage men in maternal nutrition programs is important for maximizing impact.
  • Published research

    Barriers to achieving the first 90%: Gender norms and HIV testing among men in the Democratic Republic of the Congo

    Gender inequality and gender norms are key social drivers of the HIV epidemic through their influences on sexual relationships, behavior and risk-taking. These findings indicate that levels of support for inequitable gender norms were significantly associated with never having been tested for HIV. To change prevailing gender norms, HIV prevention efforts should prioritize an increase in counseling and testing for men.
  • Published research

    Pediatric to adult healthcare transitioning for adolescents living with HIV in Nigeria: A national survey

    The authors conducted a nationwide survey in Nigeria to characterize routine transition procedures to adult health care for 10- to 19-year-old adolescents living with HIV. The authors found that the facilities were more likely to have nonspecialized HIV treatment services and had loosely defined, abrupt transfer versus transition practices. Evidence-based standards of transitional care tailored to nonspecialized HIV treatment programs need to be established to optimize outcomes among these adolescents in Nigeria and in similar settings.
  • Published research

    Improving reading and numeracy outcomes in Nigeria through strategic trust building

    This article shares strategic trust-building experiences to improve reading and numeracy conducted in Hausa in northern Nigeria. The authors include background information on the social conditions necessitating the intervention, descriptions of the trust-building mechanisms put in place and consideration of the results and outcomes.