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HIV and AIDSHealth research

27 Results Found

  • Practice Area

    Health

    For FHI 360, improving the health of the world's women, men and children is core to our mission.
  • Published research

    Breakthrough tuberculosis disease among people with HIV - should we be worried? A retrospective longitudinal study

    This paper measured the level of breakthrough tuberculosis (TB) among people with HIV who were taking a standard of care treatment, isoniazid preventive therapy. The authors found that breakthrough TB was uncommon in this group and recommend starting preventive TB treatment while HIV patients are at higher CD4 counts.
  • Published research

    HIV retesting of HIV-negative pregnant women in the context of prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV in primary health centers in rural Zambia: What did we learn?

    This observational study describes retesting pregnant women who previously tested HIV-negative in prevention of mother-to-child transmission services in Zambia. The authors recommend studying effective approaches to minimize the risk of HIV vertical transmission in women who seroconvert during pregnancy.
  • Published research

    Pharmacokinetics of dapivirine transfer into blood plasma, breast milk, and cervicovaginal fluid of lactating women using dapivirine vaginal ring

    This study assessed the pharmacokinetics, safety, tolerability and adherence of the dapivirine vaginal ring used for 14 consecutive days by lactating women who were not breastfeeding. The research showed low concentrations of dapivirine in breast milk, indicating that daily infant exposure would also be low. Given this favorable safety profile, additional research is in development to assess the safety and drug detection of the dapivirine ring in breastfeeding mother-infant pairs in regions with higher incidence of sexually transmitted HIV infection.
  • Published research

    A systematic review of contraceptive continuation among women living with HIV

    This systematic review found that contraceptive continuation varied by method and context for women living with HIV, but it was not descriptively different by HIV status or antiretroviral therapy use. This paper concludes that trials with outcome measures including contraceptive continuation should extend beyond 12 months to strengthen integrated family planning and reproductive health care.
  • Published research

    High prevalence of HIV drug resistance among newly diagnosed infants aged <18 months: Results from a nationwide surveillance in Nigeria

    The study found a high prevalence of pretreatment HIV drug resistance, predominantly nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor-based regimen (NNRTI) associated, among HIV-infected children (less than 18 months) in Nigeria. The findings support using a non-NNRTI regimen in children less than 3 years of age as a preferred first-line antiretroviral treatment regimen, as recommended by the World Health Organization. Child-friendly, fixed-dose, combination co-formulated drugs need to be widely available in the country.
  • Published research

    Higher sequence diversity in the vaginal tract than in blood at early HIV-1 infection

    This analysis of early mucosal infections in women revealed high HIV-1 viral diversity in the vaginal tract but few transmitted clones in the blood. This provides novel in vivo evidence for a mucosal sieve effect, leading to the establishment of a homogenous systemic infection. The data will have significant implications in rational vaccine design.
  • Published research

    Safety and tolerability of maraviroc-containing regimens to prevent HIV infection in women: A phase 2 randomized trial

    This study shows that, for U.S. women at risk of HIV infection, pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) regimens containing maraviroc are safe and well-tolerated, compared with the standard regimen of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate/emtricitabine. The authors also found that no new infections occurred with the study regimen, compared with the standard regimen, but more research is needed to determine whether that outcome is because of the study drug and whether the enrolled population was lower risk than anticipated.
  • Published research

    Design of the HPTN 065 (TLC-Plus) study: A study to evaluate the feasibility of an enhanced test, linkto-care, plus treat approach for HIV prevention in the United States

    This article outlines the design of a multicomponent, community-based study evaluating the feasibility of the “test and treat” approach to HIV prevention in the United States. The authors found that the HIV Prevention Trails Network (HPTN) 065 study demonstrated the feasibility of implementing and evaluating a trial that includes several community sites and involves pragmatic approaches to study implementation and evaluation.
  • Publication

    Strengthening Integrated Delivery of HIV/AIDS Services (brochure)

    This brochure is an overview of the goals and objectives, geographic scope of work, implementation approach, project management and partners of the Strengthening Integrated Delivery of HIV/AIDS Services (SIDHAS) project in Nigeria.